papain from papaya latex
Papain
CAS: 9001-73-4
Molecular Formula: C9H14N4O3
papain from papaya latex - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Papain |
| Synonyms | Papain Velardon Vermizym Papain Coarse-enzyme PAPAIN,POWDER,PURIFIED papain from papaya latex Papain, for biochemistry papain from carica papaya |
| CAS | 9001-73-4 |
| EINECS | 232-627-2 |
papain from papaya latex - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C9H14N4O3 |
| Molar Mass | 226.23246 |
| Flash Point | 29 °C |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water, insoluble in most organic solvents. |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble1.2mg/mL |
| Appearance | White to beige powder |
| Color | almost white |
| Merck | 7016 |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Hygroscopic |
| MDL | MFCD00131791 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White to light brown yellow amorphous powder, with certain hygroscopicity, or liquid. Soluble in water and glycerin, the aqueous solution is colorless to light yellow, sometimes milky white, almost insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, chloroform and ether. The commercial enzyme preparation made from papaya contains the following three enzymes:(1) papain, with a molecular weight of 21000, accounting for about 10% of soluble protein; (2) papain chymapsin, with a molecular weight of 36000, accounting for about 45% of soluble protein;(3) Lysozyme, with a molecular weight of 25000, accounts for about 20% of soluble protein. Its main function is to have a strong ability to decompose proteins with water. The optimum temperature is 65 ℃, and the optimum pH value is 5.0~7.0. It also works when it is neutral or alkaline. It has strong heat resistance and can be used at 50~60 ℃. It will not be completely inactivated at 90°C. Isoelectric point pH8.75. |
| Use | Additives for the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries |
papain from papaya latex - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
| Risk Codes | R42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R42 - May cause sensitization by inhalation R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R10 - Flammable |
| Safety Description | S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S23 - Do not breathe vapour. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | RU4950000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 35079090 |
| Toxicity | TDLo orl-man: 71 mg/kg:GIT JCGADC 9,127,87 |
papain from papaya latex - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
- The protease mixture purified from the plant Carica papain (caricapya) of this line is a white, light brown amorphous powder or granules. Micro moisture absorption, hydrogen sulfide odor. Slightly soluble in water, glycerol, insoluble in ether, ethanol and chloroform. The aqueous solution is colorless to pale yellow, sometimes milky white. The optimum pH was 5.0~8.0, the optimum temperature was 65 degrees Celsius, and the volatility was inactivated.
- This product contains papain, chymopapain and proteolytic enzyme. Papain is a kind of thiol protease, its specificity is poor, can decompose more protein than the pancreas protease. Papain is a single peptide chain consisting of 211 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 23000 and an isoelectric point pl = 9.6. The activators are cysteine, sulfide, sulfite and EDTA, and the inhibitors are thiol reagents and hydrogen peroxide. It accounts for about 10% of the soluble protein; Chymopapain, molecular weight 36000, accounting for about 45% of the soluble protein. Lysozyme, molecular weight 2500, about 20% of the soluble protein.
- Papain is capable of activating plasminogen to plasmin. It acts only on the necrotic tissue, dissolve the fibrin, blood clots and necrotic substances in the lesion, clean the wound, promote the new granulation, promote the discharge of pus, accelerate wound healing.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
papain from papaya latex - Introduction
Molecular weight: 21000~23000, optimum temperature: 37~60 ℃, optimum pH:5.5~7.5 properties: milky white to yellowish powder composition: papain, recommended dosage of glucose: 0.1 ~ 0.3% of material weight
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:29:45
papain from papaya latex - Use
Open Data Verified Data
- treatment of edema, inflammation, and anthelmintic (nematode).
- usage and oral dose, l ~ 2 units each time.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:11:24
papain from papaya latex - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
mild skin inflammation and local bleeding, pain. Repeated use can cause allergic reactions; Severe liver and kidney disease patients with caution; Blood coagulation insufficiency and systemic infection patients not to use; Avoid with anticoagulant compatibility.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:11:25
papain from papaya latex - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | Papain is a kind of endopeptidase containing a hydrophobic group (-SH), which has the activity of protease and esterase, it has a wide range of specificity, and has a strong ability to hydrolyze animal and plant proteins, peptides, esters, amides, etc. At the same time, it also has a synthetic function, which can synthesize protein hydrolysate into protein. Soluble in water and glycerol, colorless or light yellow aqueous solution, sometimes milky white; Almost insoluble in ethanol, chloroform and ether and other organic solvents. The most suitable pH value of 5.7 (generally 3~9.5 can be), in the neutral or acidic also have a role, isoelectric point of 18.75; the most suitable temperature is 55 to 60 degrees C (generally 10 to 85 degrees C), strong heat resistance, at 90 degrees C will not be completely inactivated; By the oxidant inhibition, reducing material activation. The enzyme dried without clarification is a crude enzyme. |
| trait | Papain is a white to light yellow amorphous powder with some hygroscopicity or liquid. Soluble in water and glycerol, aqueous solution colorless to light yellow, sometimes milky white, almost insoluble in ethanol, chloroform and ether and other organic solvents. |
| Use | Papain is suitable for the hydrolysis of fish, shellfish and other aquatic products. enzyme preparation. Mainly used for beer cold (hydrolysis of protein in beer, avoid turbidity caused by cold storage), meat softening (hydrolysis of muscle protein and collagen, meat tenderness), preparation of pre-cooked cereals, production of hydrolyzed proteins. The application in beer cold resistance and meat softening is far more extensive than other proteases. The dosage is generally 1~4 mg/kg. Papain is widely used in meat tenderness, and can also be used as a clarifier for beer. China's provisions can be used for biscuits, meat and poultry products hydrolysis and animal, plant protein, according to the production needs of appropriate use. used in medicine, food industry and cosmetics additives biochemical research enzyme preparation, Papain is widely used in meat tenderness, can also be used as a beer clarifier. An important cysteine protease for polypeptide synthesis. Fab fragments for the production of antibodies; Since there is little damage to certain tissues, they are also used for cell lysis. Cleaved amino acid (or glycine). papain can activate fibrinogen to plasmin. It acts only on necrotic tissue, dissolving fibrin, blood clots and necrotic substances in the lesion. Clean the wound, promote new granulation, promote drainage. Accelerated wound healing. Papain is often used to treat diseases such as edema, inflammation, and anthelmintic (nematode) diseases. But after the drug has mild dermatitis and local bleeding, pain. Repeated use can cause allergic reactions. Severe liver and kidney disease patients with caution, blood coagulation insufficiency and systemic infection patients not to use, avoid with anticoagulant compatibility. Oral, 1~2 units each time. |
| Application | Papain is mainly used in the following aspects: I. Food industry: using the enzymatic reaction of papain, it can hydrolyze large molecular proteins into small molecular peptides or amino acids that are easily absorbed in food, and is widely used in animal and plant proteolysis such as chicken, pig, cattle, seafood, blood products, soybean, peanut, etc, meat tenderness agent, wine clarifier, biscuit relaxant, noodle stabilizer, health food, soy sauce brewing and wine fermentation agent, etc., can improve the nutritional value of food, and can reduce the cost. 2, biscuit industry: reduce the dough wet gluten, improve dough plasticity and physical and chemical properties, while the protein macromolecules are hydrolyzed into short peptides and amino acids, this is conducive to the complex Maillard reaction of sugars and amino substances, so that the product is colored quickly, the color is pleasant and the oil is smooth and bright |
| preparation method | Papain (Papain) short for Papain, is the use of immature papaya (Carica papaya) fruit milk, pure natural biological enzyme products extracted by modern biological engineering technology. |
| production method | dried papaya emulsion diatomite; Sand; 0.04mol · L-1 cysteine → extract, filter crude extract NaOH; ph9 → precipitate except pH 9 insoluble supernatant, (NH4)2SO{4 → precipitate; Precipitate by centrifugation: 0.02mol · L-1 cysteine; Ph7 → dissolved solution NaCl (solid) → precipitate; centrifugal precipitation of 0.02mol · L-1 cysteine; Ph6.5 → dissolved solution freezing, centrifugation and recrystallization solution 40 → freezing; Centrifugal crystallization ^ H2O; naCl → recrystallized product The latex was extracted from the unripe papaya fruit, and the product was prepared by sedimentation, coagulation and drying. The crude product is obtained from the immature fruits of Caric papaya by extraction of emulsion, coagulation, sedimentation and drying. In general, the application of crude products is the main industry. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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